Chromosome 1 open reading frame 162

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
C1orf162
Identifiers
AliasesC1orf162, chromosome 1 open reading frame 162
External IDsMGI: 3588284; HomoloGene: 45482; GeneCards: C1orf162; OMA:C1orf162 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 1 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 1 (human)[1]
Chromosome 1 (human)
Genomic location for C1orf162
Genomic location for C1orf162
Band1p13.2Start111,473,792 bp[1]
End111,478,512 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 3 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 3 (mouse)
Genomic location for C1orf162
Genomic location for C1orf162
Band3|3 F2.2Start105,831,674 bp[2]
End105,839,980 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • granulocyte

  • monocyte

  • spleen

  • right lung

  • blood

  • appendix

  • bone marrow

  • upper lobe of left lung

  • lymph node

  • trabecular bone
Top expressed in
  • granulocyte

  • blood

  • spleen

  • zygote

  • bone marrow

  • secondary oocyte

  • primary oocyte

  • mesenteric lymph nodes

  • morula

  • stroma of bone marrow
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

128346

433638

Ensembl

ENSG00000143110

ENSMUSG00000074342

UniProt

Q8NEQ5

Q3U7U4

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001300834
NM_001300835
NM_174896

NM_001033780

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001287763
NP_001287764
NP_777556

NP_001028952

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 111.47 – 111.48 MbChr 3: 105.83 – 105.84 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Chromosome 1 open reading frame 162 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C1orf162 gene. It has been found to be hypomethylated in instances of gastric cancer. [5]

Gene

The gene is located at p13.2 on chromosome 1 in humans and contains 8 exons.[6] It is 11,026 bases long and is oriented on the plus strand.[7]

Illustration of genomic context of C1orf162.

mRNA

Three transcript variants have been identified. Isoform 1 is the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform. Isoform 2 uses an alternate in-frame splice site and is shorter than isoform 1. Isoform 3 lacks an alternate in-frame exon and is shorter compared to isoform 1.[8] There are six stem loops in the 5' untranslated region and five stem loops in the 3' untranslated region.[9]

Protein

The predicted molecular weight of the protein C1orf162 is 16.9 kdal. Its isoelectric point is approximately 9.2 in mammals.[10] A single transmembrane region is conserved across species.[11] The protein is predicted to localize mainly in the nucleus.[12] The protein is predicted to be myristoylated.[13]

Illustration of transmembrane region of C1orf162.

Expression

C1orf162 is not ubiquitously expressed in humans. According to microarray-assessed tissue expression patterns, C1orf162 is most highly expressed in bone marrow, lung, fetal liver, lymph node, spleen, and thymus in normal human tissues.[14] Staining of normal tissues has found high levels of RNA expression in bone marrow, lymph node, spleen, and lung tissue, which coincides with microarray-assessed expression patterns.[15]

Expression of C1orf162 in normal human tissues.

Clinical Significance

One study found the protein to be one of three hypomethylated proteins in instances of gastric cancer.[16]

Homology

The gene has no known paralogs. Orthologs have been noted in many mammal species in addition to a few birds and reptiles. The transmembrane region of the protein is highly conserved across species. No orthologs have been identified in fish, insects, or prokaryotes.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000143110 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000074342 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "Entrez Gene: Chromosome 1 open reading frame 162". Retrieved 2016-05-09.
  6. ^ "NCBI GenBank". 19 March 2015.
  7. ^ "GeneCards".
  8. ^ "NCBI Gene".
  9. ^ "M-fold Analysis".
  10. ^ "SDSC Biology Workbench".[permanent dead link]
  11. ^ "CCTOP".
  12. ^ "PSORTII".
  13. ^ "Myristoylator Prediction Program".[permanent dead link]
  14. ^ "NCBI GEO".
  15. ^ "Protein Atlas".
  16. ^ Choi B, Han TS, Lee JY, Lee S, Kong SH, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Yang HK (2013). "Gene methylation as a novel marker in gastric cancer". Cancer Research. 8 (73): 643. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-643.
  17. ^ "NCBI Gene Orthologs".

Further reading

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