Mikhail Zoshchenko
Soviet writer and satirist (1894–1958)
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Mikhail Zoshchenko | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 10 August [O.S. 29 July] 1894[1] Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire[1] |
| Died | 22 July 1958(1958-07-22) (aged 63)[1] Leningrad, USSR[1] |
| Occupation | Short story writer, novelist, playwright, screenwriter |
| Education | Saint Petersburg University |
| Notable works | Youth Restored (1933) Before Sunrise (1943) |
Mikhail Mikhailovich Zoshchenko (Russian: Михаил Михайлович Зощенко; Ukrainian: Михайло Михайлович Зощенко;10 August [O.S. 29 July] 1894 – 22 July 1958) was a Soviet and Russian writer and satirist.
Biography
Zoshchenko was born in 1894, in Saint Petersburg, Russia, according to his 1953 autobiography. Other sources suggest that he was born in Poltava, in present-day Ukraine.[2] His Ukrainian father was an artist and a mosaicist responsible for the exterior decoration of the Suvorov Museum in Saint Petersburg.[3] His mother was Russian. The future writer attended the Faculty of Law at the Saint Petersburg University, but did not graduate due to financial problems. During World War I, Zoshchenko served in the army as a field officer, was wounded in action several times, and was heavily decorated.[1] In 1919, during the Russian Civil War, he served for several months in the Red Army before being discharged for health reasons.
He was associated with the Serapion Brothers and attained particular popularity in the 1920s as a satirist, but, after his denunciation in the Zhdanov decree of 1946, Zoshchenko lived in dire poverty. He was awarded his pension only a few months before he died.
Zoshchenko developed a simplified deadpan style of writing which simultaneously made him accessible to "the people" and mocked official demands for accessibility: "I write very compactly. My sentences are short. Accessible to the poor. Maybe that's the reason why I have so many readers."[4] Volkov compares this style to the nakedness of the Russian holy fool or yurodivy.
In 1940 Zoshchenko published a series of short stories for children about Vladimir Lenin.[5]
Criticism
A critical anthology Мих. Зощенко: pro et contra, антология was published in 2015. It included a 1926 article by Iakov Moiseyevich Shafir.[6]
Selected bibliography (in English translation)
- A Man Is Not A Flea, trans. Serge Shishkoff, Ann Arbor, 1989.
- Before Sunrise. Trans. Gary Kern, Ann Arbor, 1974.
- Nervous People and Other Satires, ed. Hugh McLean, trans. Maria Gordon and Hugh McLean, London, 1963.
- Scenes from the Bathhouse, trans. Sidney Monas, Ann Arbor, 1962.
- Youth Restored. Trans. Joel Stern, Ann Arbor, 1984.
- The Galosh. Trans. Jeremy Hicks, New York, 1996.
- Sentimental Tales. Trans. Boris Dralyuk, New York, 2018.
- Pассказы о Ленине ("Stories about Lenin". In Russian. Moscow, 1974.)
References
- ^ a b c d e Mikhail Mikhaylovich Zoshchenko. Encyclopaedia Britannica
- ^ "Mikhail Mikhaylovich Zoshchenko | Soviet Satirist & Author | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
- ^ Zoshchenko, M. (1963) Nervous People and Other Satires, ed. Hugh McLean, trans. Maria Gordon and Hugh McLean, London. Introduction, p. viii
- ^ Volkov, Solomon (2004). Shostakovich and Stalin: The Extraordinary Relationship Between the Great Composer and the Brutal Dictator. Knopf. p. 40. ISBN 0-375-41082-1.
- ^ "Рассказы о Ленине". 30 September 2000.
- ^ "Lib.ru/Классика: Шафир Яков Моисеевич. О юморе и юмористах (М. Зощенко)". az.lib.ru. az.lib.ru. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
Further reading
- Scatton, Linda Hart (1993). Mikhail Zoshchenko: Evolution of a Writer. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42093-8.
External links
- Creative Commons English translation of Zoshchenko's ultra-short story Nervous People
- Discovering Zoshchenko Alexander Melnikov, Russia Beyond the Headlines, 2 October 2009
- English translation of Zoshchenko's short story Honest Citizen
- Three short autobiographies by Zoshchenko
- Poverty | The Galosh by Zoshchenko at the Short Story Project
- Mikhail Zoshchenko. Stories.
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