Transkei National Independence Party

Defunct political party in South Africa

The Transkei National Independence Party (TNIP) was a political party in the nominally independent South African Xhosa bantustan of Transkei. It was founded by the Matanzima brothers, Kaiser and George. The party advocated cooperation with the South African government. As of 1985, the leader of the party was George Matanzima. The party governed Transkei from 1976 until the 1987 coup d'état by Bantu Holomisa.

Electoral history

1973: TNIP won 25 out of 43 elected seats (a further 64 seats were filled by chiefs appointed ex-officio by the government)^[1]
1976: TNIP won 69 out of 75 seats^[1]
1981: TNIP won 74 out of 75 seats^[2]
1986: TNIP won 57 out of 75 seats^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; Elna E. Schoeman; Lydia Eve Andor (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 396, 419. ISBN 9780313302473.
^ Hela Världen i Fakta '86 (World of Facts '86). Stockholm, Sweden: Bonnier Group. 1985. p. 257.
^ Elections in South Africa's Apartheid-Era Homelands "Bantustans" African Elections Database

Political history of South Africa

Defunct polities

Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220)
Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806)
Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817)
Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819)
Cape Colony (1795–1910)
Zulu Kingdom (1816–1897)
Natalia Republic (1839–1843)
Natal Colony (1843–1910)
Orange Free State (1854–1902)
South African Republic (1856–1902)
Griqualand East (1861–1879)
Griqualand West (1870–1873)
Goshen (1882–1883)
Stellaland (1882–1885)
Nieuwe Republiek (1884–1888)
Upingtonia (1885–1887)
Klein Vrystaat (1886–1891)
Orange River Colony (1902–1910)
Transvaal Colony (1902–1910)
Union of South Africa (1910–1961)
Transkei (1976–1994)
Bophuthatswana (1977–1994)
Venda (1979–1994)
Ciskei (1981–1994)

Events

Pre-colonial	Bantu migrations Battle of Salt River
1652–1815	Dutch settlement French Huguenot settlement Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars Xhosa Wars Battle of Muizenberg Battle of Blaauwberg Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
1815–1910	Mfecane 1820 Settlers Great Trek Boer Republics Transvaal Civil War Mineral Revolution Witwatersrand Gold Rush South African Wars South Africa Act 1909 (National Convention)
1910–1948	South West Africa campaign Maritz rebellion Rand Rebellion Great Depression 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike Bantustans
Apartheid	1948 general election Apartheid legislation Pass laws Internal resistance Coloured-vote constitutional crisis Defiance Campaign Congress of the People Freedom Charter Women's March 1956 1957 Alexandra bus boycott Sharpeville massacre 1960 republic referendum International isolation UN Resolution 1761 UNSC Resolution 591 Academic boycott Disinvestment Constructive engagement Tar Baby Option Sporting boycott Olympics Rugby union Rivonia Trial Durban Moment Border War Israeli alliance Israel–South Africa Agreement Mafeje affair Soweto Uprising Weapons of mass destruction Project Coast Church Street bombing 1983 constitutional referendum Langa massacre Rubicon speech Operation Vula Dakar Conference Transkei coup d'état Ciskei coup d'état Venda coup d'état Third Force CODESA Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre Bisho massacre 1992 apartheid referendum Saint James Church massacre Bophuthatswana crisis Shell House massacre
Post- apartheid	1994 general election Government of National Unity Reconstruction and Development Programme Truth and Reconciliation Commission Arms Deal Floor crossing Soweto bombings African Renaissance Travelgate Xenophobia Attack on Kennedy Road Blikkiesdorp Marikana massacre 2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike Nkandlagate Racism 2014 platinum strike #RhodesMustFall protests #FeesMustFall student protests Tshwane riots 2019 service delivery protests 2019 Johannesburg riots COVID-19 pandemic 2020 Phala Phala Robbery 2021 unrest Lady R incident

Political culture

Defunct
organisations

Civic and political organisations	Afrikaner Bond Afrikaner Broederbond Afrikaner Party AITUP APO AVF BPC Black Sash Boerestaat Party CDA CNIP CTEG COD Congress Alliance COSG CP DLF Dominion Party DP (1973–1977) DP (1989–2000) DPP DSM ECC FA FD Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners GNP Het Volk HNP (Herenigde) HNP (Herstigte) IDASA ID IP ISL Jeugkrag Johannesburg Reform Committee Labour Party (1910–1958) Labour Party (1969–1994) Liberal Party (1953–1968) NA NCP Natal Indian Congress NLP NNP NP NPP NRP NUSAS Occupy Orangia Unie Oranjewerkers Orde Boerevolk PAVN PFP Progressive Party (Cape Colony) Progressive Party PRP Radio Freedom Reform Party SABP SADECO SAIC SASO SAYCO SAYRCO South African Party (Cape Colony) South African Party (1911–1934) South African Party (1977–1980) TNIP Torch Commando UFP United Party Unionist Party Volksparty Workers Party WOSA
Trade unions and social movements	APF BCM BLATU CNETU CTSWU FCWU FNETU FOSATU ICU IWW MUSA NEUM NURHS PAWE SAAPAWU SACTU SAIF SARHU SATUC Die Spoorbund UDF Umkosi Wezintaba
Paramilitary and terrorist organisations	APLA ARM AWB BBB Boeremag Greyshirts MK Ossewabrandwag Orde van die Dood PAGAD SANF

Histories of
political parties

Category

Political parties in South Africa

National Assembly
(with number of seats held)

National Council of Provinces
(with number of seats held)

Other parties

Communist & Socialist	African Content Movement Azanian People's Organisation Bolsheviks Party of South Africa National People's Ambassadors Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party South African Communist Party Workers International Vanguard Party Workers and Socialist Party United Congress
Social Democrats	African Congress of Democrats African Democratic Change Afrikan Alliance of Social Democrats Agang South Africa Patriotic Alliance Power of Africans Unity Rise Mzansi
Pan-Africanist	African People's Convention Abantu Batho Congress Black First Land First Pan Africanist Movement
Minority Rights	Africa Muslim Party Cape Muslim Congress Compatriots of South Africa Minority Front National Coloured Congress
Liberal & Libertarian	ActionSA Capitalist Party of South Africa Democratic Liberal Congress Free Democrats
Agrarian	Civic Warriors of Maruleng Land Party
Christian Democrats	Christian Democratic Party Christian Political Movement Economic Emancipation Forum Kingdom Governance Movement United Christian Democratic Party Uniting People First
Environmentalist	ECOPEACE Party Green Party
Single Issue	African Security Congress All Things Are Possible Alliance for Transformation for All Dagga Party Forum for Service Delivery New South Africa Party Operation Dudula Referendum Party South African Maintenance and Estate Beneficiaries Association Women Forward
Local Issues & Regionalist	Better Residents Association Cape Independence Party Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front Gazankulu Liberation Congress Karoo Gemeenskap Party MAP16 Civic Movement Plaaslike Besorgde Inwoners Sterkspruit Civic Association
Conservative	African Covenant International Revelation Congress National Party South Africa
Afrikaner Nationalist	Afrikaner Self-determination Party Boerestaat Party Herstigte Nasionale Party National Conservative Party of South Africa
African Traditionalist	African Mantungwa Community African Renaissance Unity Party Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa National People's Front National Religious Freedom Party South African National Congress of Traditional Authorities
Uncategorised	African Change Academy African Congress for Transformation African People's Movement Alliance of Citizens for Change Democratic Independent Party Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation People's Movement for Change South African Political Party South African Rainbow Alliance Spectrum National Party Team Sugar South Africa uMkhonto we Sizwe United Independent Movement Xiluva Ximoko Party

Defunct parties

Communist	Socialist Party of Azania Workers Party of South Africa
Socialist & Social Democratic	Labour Party (1910) Labour Party (1969) New Labour Party United Independent Front
Liberal & Progressive	Democratic Party (1989) Democratic Party (1973) Democratic Progressive Party Democratic Reform Party Dominion Party Federal Alliance Independent Democrats Independent Party Liberal Party of South Africa Progressive Federal Party Progressive Party (1890) Progressive Party (1959) Progressive Reform Party Reform Party South African Business Party South African Democratic Congress South African Party (1896) South African Party (1910) Union Federal Party Unionist Party
Conservative	Christian Democratic Alliance Christian Front Christen Party/Christian Party Federation of Democrats Herenigde Nasionale Party Het Volk National Conservative Party National People's Party (1981) National Union New National Party New Republic Party Solidarity South African Party (1977) United Party
Afrikaner Nationalist	Afrikaner Bond Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging Afrikaner Party Afrikaner Volksfront Conservative Party Front National National Action National Party Orangia Unie Purified National Party South African Gentile National Socialist Movement Volksparty
Miscellaneous	Abolition of Income Tax and Usury Party Ciskei National Independence Party Keep It Straight and Simple Party Khoisan Aboriginal and Others Movement National Alliance National Democratic Convention National People's Party Peace and Justice Congress Pro-death Penalty Party Transkei National Independence Party Ubuntu Party Universal Party