Yeni Kale Lighthouse

Lighthouse

45°23′8″N 36°38′20″E / 45.38556°N 36.63889°E / 45.38556; 36.63889TowerConstructed1820 (first)
1861 (second)Constructionstone towerHeight27 metres (89 ft)Shapecylindrical tower with balcony and lanternMarkingswhite tower and lanternOperatorGosgidrografiya^[1]LightFirst lit1953 (current)Focal height123 metres (404 ft)CharacteristicFl WR 12s. Map

The Yeni Kale Lighthouse (Ukrainian: Єнікальський маяк, Enikal'skyy mayak, Russian: Еникальский маяк, Yenikal'sky mayak) is an active lighthouse on Cape Fonar near Yeni-Kale fortress in eastern Crimea on the shore of Kerch Strait. Navigation cressets on this coast were first mentioned in the Periplus of Scylax, dated 350 BC.

History

In 1820 a lighthouse tower was built on the top of Cape Fonar to guide ships navigating from the Sea of Azov to Kerch Strait. Oil lamps were used as a light source. In 1861 Fresnel lens with kerosene lamps were installed.^[2]

Until the Second World War the Yeni Kale Lighthouse was considered as the oldest lighthouse in Crimea. In 1941, during World War II, the lighthouse equipment was evacuated to Taman coast by light-house keeper Mikhail Egorov. In May 1942 a battle between retreating Red Army and Nazi Germany took place in Cape Fonar area. Alexander Filimonov, a Soviet mariner, aimed the fire of Soviet batteries. When German tanks appeared near the lighthouse, a flag was risen on the tower targeting the Soviet fire from the Chushka Spit. The tower got destroyed in this battle and hydrographers besieged in the lighthouse died. In 1943 a temporary light was installed on lighthouse ruins. When Kerch was liberated from German troops in April 1944, the lighthouse equipment was returned.^[3]

After the war a provisional wooden tower was constructed in 1946. It was replaced with an electric-powered lighthouse with a modern stone tower in 1953. The EMV-3 optical system was installed on the Yenikalsky Lighthouse in 1957. The lighthouse was equipped with a modern GLONASS-GPS system in 2002.^[4]

Gallery

Lamp and optics of Yeni Kale Lighthouse
Inside the tower of Yeni Kale Lighthouse
Interior of Yeni Kale Lighthouse's tower
View on Kerch Strait from the tower of Yeni Kale Lighthouse

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yenikalsky Lighthouse.

^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Russia: Crimea (Krym)". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2016-04-22.
^ "Свет в Керченском проливе" Archived 2012-03-24 at the Wayback Machine Моряк Archived 2012-03-24 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Вот одна из таких историй" Archived 2011-08-14 at the Wayback Machine "Графская пристань" Archived 2011-08-14 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Мыс Фонарь" Archived 2018-11-24 at the Wayback MachineAi-Petri.info - путеводитель по Крыму